The Development of Local Energy in Guangxi from the Perspective of Energy Crisis: Focusing on the Period of Second Sino-Japanese War
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13998235Keywords:
Energy Crisis, Second Sino-Japanese War, Guangxi, Energy DevelopmentAbstract
Since the late Qing Dynasty, Guangxi has been facing an energy dilemma characterized by a scarcity of coal and oil, which was particularly pronounced during the period of second sino-Japanese war. This paper focuses on the development of local energy resources in Guangxi during second sino-Japanese war, analyzing how Guangxi coped with energy shortages by developing indigenous resources such as charcoal, coal mines, plant oils, and hydropower. The government played a leading role in this process, promoting the development of the energy industry through policy support and financial investment. At the same time, the participation of private capital and technology provided innovative momentum for energy development. Despite issues such as uneven distribution of energy resources in time and space and unbalanced regional development, Guangxi's experience in energy development provides valuable lessons for modern China's energy security and structural transformation, emphasizing the importance of government and private sector collaboration in promoting the development of the energy industry.
Downloads
References
Bai Jiaju (1945). The Seventh Mining Industry in China. Geological Bulletin, 593-594.
Cen Yulu (1943). Eight Steps Communication: I Have Been Working in Eight Steps for five Years Now. West University Mechanics, 59.
Chen Gongbi (1936). Analysis of camellia oil in Guangxi (Annexed table). Annual Journal of Science, 72.
Chen Shicai (1998). Transportation in Southwest China during the Second Sino-Japanese War and Longzhou's Resistance Against Japanese Troops, Longzhou Cultural and Historical Data Series 13. Nanning: Cultural and Historical Data Committee of Longzhou Xian Committee of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference.
Chen Xiong (1940). Construction of Guangxi in the last six Months. Administration and Training Monthly.
Chen Zhengxiang (1946). Geography of Guangxi. Shanghai: Zhongzheng Book Company.
Chen Zhen (1961). Modern Chinese Industrial History Data, Volume 3. Beijing: Life, Reading, New Knowledge Sanlian Bookstore.
Compiled by Guangxi Bureau of Statistics (1936). Guangxi Yearbook · Second.
Compiled by Guangxi Bureau of Statistics (1944). Guangxi Yearbook · Third (Volume 1).
Compiled by the Guangxi Expedition Team of the Chinese Society of Engineers (1937). Chinese Society of Engineers Guangxi delegation report · Water Resources.
Compiled by the Guangxi Expedition Team of the Chinese Society of Engineers (1937). Report of Guangxi Delegation of the Chinese Society of Engineers · Coal Mine.
Compiled by the Guangxi Expedition Team of the Chinese Society of Engineers (1937). Report of Guangxi Delegation of the Chinese Institution of Engineers · Electric Power .
Correspondence with Wuzhou Sulfuric Acid Plant and Other Units of the Guangxi Province Government in Order to Borrow Motors for the Construction of Wuzhou Sulfuric Acid Plant in Xiwan Coal Mine for Use in Coal Mine (1937). Nanning: Archives of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, L038-002-0724-0011.
Frontline Daily (1941). 30 Horsepower Can be Rewarded for the Test Results of Rice Milling and Oil Pressing.
Fu Rongshou, Jiang Tingyu, Wei Youqun, Liu Xiaozhong (1993). Guangxi Rural Energy History. Nanning: Guangxi Nationalities Publishing House.
Fu Wumen (1935). Sin Chew Daily 6th Anniversary Issue: New Guangxi. Singapore: Sin Chew Daily Limited.
Guangxi Local Chronicles Association(1988). Lecture on Guangxi History. Nanning: Guangxi Local Chronicles Association.
Guangxi Provincial Government Gazette (1938). Measures for Wartime Control of Coal Mines.
Guangxi Provincial Government sent the Industrial and Mineral Survey table of the province (1946). Guangzhou: Guangzhou Municipal Archives, L070-001-000236-002.
Guilin Water Conservancy and Electric Power Bureau (1997). Guilin Water Conservancy and Electric Power Events. Nanning: Guangxi Geological Printing Plant.
He Xian Mining Survey and Historical Data on Guangxi Currency (1940). Nanning: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Archives, L037-001-0219-0001.
He Xian Water Conservancy and Electric Power Bureau (1996). Annals of Water Conservancy and Electric Power in He Xian. Nanning: Guangxi Geological Printing Plant.
Heshan City Annals Compilation Committee (1998). Annals of Heshan City. Nanning: Guangxi People's Publishing House.
Hezhou Local Chronicles Compilation Committee (2001). Hezhou Zhishang. Nanning: Guangxi People's Publishing House.
Huangfu Qiushi, Jia Qinhan (2020). Private Enterprise, Foreign Capital and Government: Gu Weijun's Involvement in Oil Development in Northwest China. China in the History of World Energy. Shanghai: Fudan University Press.
Huang Xuchu (1939). The Construction of China and the Construction of Guangxi (Theory and Implementation of Nation-building, Part I). Guilin: Construction Bookstore.
Institute of History, Guangxi Academy of Social Sciences (1988). History of Famous Enterprises in Guangxi (First Series). Nanning: Guangxi People's Publishing House.
Jin Yaohua (1941). The Sixth Edition of Chinese Mining Records in the Southwest Region from 24 to 29 years of the Republic of China. Central Geological Survey; Ministry of Economic Affairs; Institute of Geology, National Beiping Research Institute.
Li Chunyu (1945). Chinese Mining Records 24 to 31 Years of the Republic of China seventh. Central Geological Survey; Ministry of Economic Affairs; Institute of Geology, National Beiping Research Institute.
Li Jingyuan (2003). Freezing of assets and oil Embargo: U.S. Economic Sanctions Against Japan before the Pacific War. SMW altar, 18-21.
Li Mingyin, Wu Shuzhi (1991). History of Imperialist Economic Aggression Against China. Beijing: Economic Daily Press.
Li Zongren (1939). The Construction of Guangxi, Guilin: The Construction of Bookstores.
Liang Guiqing (1984). The Development of Industry and Commerce in Wuzhou before Liberation and its Characteristics (1897-1949), Wuzhou Cultural and Historical Data Collection No.7 Literature and History Reference Group of Wuzhou Committee of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference.
Long Zhaofo, Mo Fengxin (1983). Guangxi Geographical History. Nanning: Guangxi People's Publishing House.
Local Chronicles Compilation Committee of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (1997). General Annals of Guangxi · Annals of Coal Industry. Nanning: Guangxi People's Publishing House.
Luzhou Power Plant Please Dial the Car to Carry Coal from Laibin to Luzhou (1940). Liuzhou: Liuzhou Archives, 003-001-0139.
Mo Yiyong (1948). Geography of Guangxi. Guilin: Cultural Supply Society.
Nanning Republic of China Daily (1938). Tea Oil Instead of Oil Residue Motor, Liuzhou Branch of Guangxi Electric Power Plant Has Been Successfully Tested.
Nanning Republic of China Daily (1939). Economic Construction Center in Southwest, Guangxi Handicraft Industry Tour.
National Defense Forum (1935). Shen Yijia's Contribution to National Defense Economy: The Success of Refining Plant Oil into Gasoline and Kerosene, 33-34.
Ouyang Xin (1941). Youth in Modern Times. Hong Kong: Xiangjiang Publishing House.
Ordered to Borrow the Coal Mine Drainage Electrical Equipment of Heshan Coal Mine Co., LTD. The List of Parts to be Borrowed for Review (1944). Nanning: Archives of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, L039-001-0250-0009.
Official letter for Heshan Coal Mine Co., Ltd. Requesting the Approval of the Case Concerning the Loan of Electrical Drainage Equipment to Pinggui Mineral Bureau as Approved by Ministerial Order (1943). Nanning: Archives of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, L039-001-0371-0001.
Pang Zhisheng (1990). Historical Materials of Commerce in Guangxi. Nanning: Editorial Office of Commerce, Guangxi Department of Commerce.
Pinggui Mining Bureau Xiwan Coal Mine Project Report 1939 (1939). Nanning: Archives of Guangxi Autonomous Region, L038-001-0013-0001.
Compilation Committee of Pinggui Mining Bureau (1995). Pinggui Mining Bureau, Guilin: Li River Printing Factory.
Qin Yaoguang (1938). Internship Report of Guixian Branch of Guangxi Electric Power Plant. Journal of Guixian Liuwu Student Union, 28-30.
R. Dallek (1984). Roosevelt and American Foreign Policy 1932-1945 (Volume 1). Shanghai: The Commercial Press.
Saodang Newspaper (Guilin) (1941). The Test of Rosin Oil Production is Good.
Saodang Newspaper (Guilin)(1944). Electric Power Shortage to Install Motor, to Rent Factory Engine.
Secretariat of Guangxi Provincial Government (1938). Guangxi Current Laws and Regulations Volume 6. Guilin: Guangxi Provincial Government Secretariat.
Shen Lisheng (1980). History of China's Petroleum Industry. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press.
Song Hanmin (1943). Technical Research: Refining Gasoline from Coal. China Industry (Guilin), 42-44.
Southwest Industrial Communication (5) (1942). Industrial Dynamics of Different Regions: Guangxi Province, 60.
Southwest Industrial Communication (5) (1942). Open Source Liquid Fuel Plant Manufacturing Diesel Light Oil, 63.
Southwest Industrial Communication (8) (1943). The Latest Production of Liuzhou Plant of China Plant Oil Factory, 48.
Tagong (Guilin) (1941). The Light is Dim, and the Power Plant is Improving Due to the Freezing of Tea Oil.
Tan Gang (2022). A Thematic Study on Southwest International Traffic during Second Sino-Japanese War. Nanjing: Jiangsu People's Publishing House.
The Second Historical Archives of China (1997). Compilation of Historical Archives of the Republic of China, Vol. 5, Part 2, Finance and Economics Vol.5, Nanjing: Jiangsu Ancient Books Publishing House.
The Second Historical Archives of China, General Office of the General Administration of Customs (2001). Historical Materials of the Old Customs of China (1859-1948). Vol. 110. Beijing: Jinghua Publishing House.
The Second Historical Archives of China, General Office of the General Administration of Customs (2001). Historical Materials of the Old Customs of China (1859-1948). Vol. 111. Beijing: Jinghua Publishing House.
The Second Historical Archives of China, General Office of the General Administration of Customs (2001). Historical Materials of the Old Customs of China (1859-1948). Vol. 115. Beijing: Jinghua Publishing House.
The Second Historical Archives of China, General Office of the General Administration of Customs (2001). Historical Materials of the Old Customs of China (1859-1948). Vol. 119. Beijing: Jinghua Publishing House.
The Second Historical Archives of China, General Office of the General Administration of Customs (2001). Historical Materials of the Old Customs of China (1859-1948). Vol. 135. Beijing: Jinghua Publishing House.
The Second Historical Archives of China, General Office of the General Administration of Customs (2001). Historical Materials of the Old Customs of China (1859-1948). Vol. 142. Beijing: Jinghua Publishing House.
The Second Historical Archives of China, General Office of the General Administration of Customs (2001). Historical Materials of the Old Customs of China (1859-1948). Vol. 145. Beijing: Jinghua Publishing House.
The Second Historical Archives of China (2003). Proceedings of Silian General Office Volume 13. Guilin: Guangxi Normal University Press.
The Second Historical Archives of China (2016). Selected Military Archives of the Nanjing National Government during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Chongqing: Chongqing Press.
The Second Historical Archives of China (1997). Compilation of Historical Archives of the Republic of China, Vol. 5, Part 2, Finance and Economics (VI). Nanjing: Jiangsu Ancient Books Publishing House.
The Second Historical Archives of China (1997).Compilation of Historical Archives of the Republic of China, Vol. 5, Vol. 2, Finance and Economics, Vol. 1, Nanjing: Jiangsu Ancient Books Publishing House.
The Secretariat of Guangxi Provincial Government (1938). Guangxi Current Laws and Regulations Volume 6 . Guilin: Guangxi Provincial Government Secretariat.
Tang Runming, Chongqing Archives (2005). Selected and Compiled Documents on Economic Development in the Rear Area during Second Sino-Japanese War. Chongqing: Jianda Printing Plant, Chongqing University.
Wang Anzhong (2011). Investigation on China's Energy Supply before Second Sino-Japanese War. Lanzhou Academic Journal, 99-104.
Wang Anzhong, Ding Rui (2012). Research and Development and Application of Alternative Energy in the Rear Area during Second Sino-Japanese War. Frontiers, 152-155.
Wang Qingyi (1988). China Energy. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press.
Wei Liuyuan (2009). History of Coal Science and Technology in Guangxi. Beijing: Coal Industry Press.
Wu Keyi (1945). Special Series on Mineral Exploitation in the Rear during Second Sino-Japanese War: Development and Production Increase of State-owned Coal Mines during Second Sino-Japanese War. Resources Committee Quarterly (5).
Xing Xinxin (2015). Study on the History of China's Energy Policy with History as a Mirror. Beijing: China Economic Press.
Xue Yi (2005). Research on Resources Committee of the National Government. Beijing: Social Sciences Academic Press.
Zhang Weibao (2020). The Development of China's Energy Industry in Modern Times from the Perspective of Energy Security, China in the History of World Energy. Shanghai: Fudan University Press.
Zhang Wenyou (1938). Geology of Dapu Coalfield in Liucheng, Guangxi. Bulletin of Institute of Geology, National Academy of Central Research, No. 2.
Zhang Xianchen (1941). Economic Geography of Guangxi. Guilin: Cultural Supply Agency.
Zheng Weikuan, Liao Jianxia (2017). Research on the Change of Administrative Area and Social and Economic Development in Lingnan Region since Ming and Qing Dynasties . Beijing: Nationalities Publishing House.
Zhu Yingui (2020). The Rise and Effect of Machine Coal Mining in Modern China from the perspective of Energy History, China in the History of World Energy. Shanghai: Fudan University Press.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Chuyun Lai, Yue Zhang (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.